US HISTORY I: FROM THE COLONIAL PERIOD TO 1877

AMST 201—Fall 2010

Colin S. Cavell, Ph.D. Course Room No.: S17-229

Class UTH: 11:00-11:50 INTERNET: cscpo@arts.uob.bh

Office Hours: By appointment only Office No.: S17-263

VOICE: 17438775 (W) 39631156 (H)

Survey of American history from the early American experience to the end of the Era of Reconstruction, with an overview of political institutions, constitutional development, the revolution, the sectional crisis, the Civil War, race relations, economic development, foreign policy, and intellectual and cultural ideas.

Grading Policy: 15% for Attendance*; 15% for the Class Presentation; 15% for the Midterm Exam; 15% for the Research Paper; and 40% for the Final Exam. A Guidelines sheet will be distributed outlining the requirements for your Class Presentation and for your Research Paper.

Attendance Policy*: Attendance in class is mandatory. It is the student’s responsibility to sign the attendance sheet each day of class; failure to sign the attendance sheet—even if in attendance—will be counted as an absence. If your unexcused absences exceed 25% of the total number of lectures of the course in this semester, you will be automatically withdrawn from the course and be given a grade of (WF) which will be counted towards your GPA. As well, you are expected to follow the syllabus and accordingly be prepared for each day's class. This means that you must read the pre-assigned readings before class so that you will be prepared to discuss and debate in class the subject matter scheduled for that day and answer questions related to the issues being covered. NOTE: TURN OFF all cell phones during class.

* Absence from class may be made up by preparing a two-page, typed (i.e. using maximum 12 point font size and maximum double-spaced text with one-inch margin on all sides), summary on the missed material scheduled to be covered the day(s) of your absence. The summary must be in your own words and must not be copied material from the text(s), the internet, or any other source(s). All summaries must be turned in to me by the last day of classes if you want credit for your absences.

Required Texts:

Jones, Jacqueline and Peter H. Wood, Thomas Borstelmann, Elaine Tyler May, and Vicki L. Ruiz. 2011. Created Equal: A History of the United States. Brief Third Edition. Combined Volume. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. [ISBN-10: 0205728901 ISBN-13: 9780205728909]

InfoUSA: Information USA [CD-ROM]. 2007-2008. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of State, Bureau of International Information Programs. [Supplied by professor]

Sept. 19: Introduction to U.S. History: What Is History? What Is Its Utility? Why Study U.S. History?

PART ONE: North American Foundations

Sept. 21: First Founders

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 1 “Ancient America,” “The Question of Origins,” “The Archaic World,” “The Rise of Maize Agriculture,” “A Thousand Years of Change: 500-1500,” “Valleys of the Sun: The Mesoamerican Empires,” “The Anasazi: Chaco Canyon and Mesa Verde,” “The Mississippians: Cahokia and Moundville,” “Linking the Continents,” “Linking the Continents,” “Oceanic Travel: The Norse and the Chinese,” “Portugal and the Beginnings of Globalization,” “Looking for the Indies: Da Gama and Columbus,” “In the Wake of Columbus: Competition and Exchange”

Sept. 23: First Founders

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 1 “Spain Enters the Americas,” “The Devastation of the Indies,” “The Spanish Conquest of the Aztec,” “Magellan and Cortés Prompt New Searches,” “INTERPRETING HISTORY: ‘These Gods That We Worship Give Us Everything We Need’,” “Three New Views of North America,” “The Protestant Reformation Plays Out in Europe,” “Reformation and Counter-Reformation in Europe,” “Competing Powers Lay Claim to Florida,” “The Background of English Expansion,” “Lost Colony: The Roanoke Experience,” “Conclusion”

Sept. 26: European Footholds in North America, 1600-1660

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 2 “Spain’s Ocean-Spanning Reach,” “Vicaíno in California and Japan,” “Oñate Creates a Spanish Foothold in the Southwest,” “New Mexico Survives: New Flocks Among Old Pueblos,” “Conversion and Rebellion in Spanish Florida,” “France and Holland: Overseas Competition for Spain,” “The Founding of New France,” “Competing for the Beaver Trade,” “A Dutch Colony on the Hudson River,” “‘All Sorts of Nationalities’: Diverse New Amsterdam”

Sept. 28: European Footholds in North America, 1600-1660

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 2 “English Beginnings on the Atlantic Coast,” “The Virginia Company and Jamestown,” “‘Starving Time’ and the Seeds of Representative Government,” “Launching the Plymouth Colony,” “The Puritan Experiment,” “Puritan Unrest Leads to the Massachusetts Bay Company,” “‘We Shall Be as a City upon a Hill’,” “Dissenters: Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson,” “INTERPRETING HISTORY: Anne Bradstreet: ‘The Tenth Muse, Lately Sprung Up in America’,” “Expansion and Violence: The Pequot War,” “The Chesapeake Bay Colonies,” “The Demise of the Virginia Company,” “Maryland: The Catholic Refuge,” “Tobacco Becomes a Way of Life,” “Conclusion”

Sept. 30: Last day for submitting official withdrawal forms

Sept. 30: Controlling the Edges of the Continent, 1660-1715

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 3 “France and the American Interior,” “The Rise of the Sun King,” “Exploring the Mississippi Valley,” “King William’s War in the Northeast,” “Founding the Louisiana Colony,” “INTERPRETING HISTORY: Large Enough to be Called a City,” “The Spanish Empire on the Defensive,” “The Pueblo Revolt in New Mexico,” “Navajo and Spanish on the Southwestern Frontier,” “Borderland Conflict in Texas and Florida,” “England’s American Empire Takes Shape,” “Monarchy Restored and Navigation Controlled,” “Dutch New Netherland Becomes New York,” “The New Restoration Colonies,” “Contrasting Worlds: Pennsylvania and Carolina”

Oct. 3-Nov. 25: Withdrawal period with (W)

Oct. 3: Controlling the Edges of the Continent, 1660-1715

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 3 “Bloodshed in the English Colonies: 1670-1690,” “Metacom’s War in New England,” “Bacon’s Rebellion in Virginia,” “The ‘Glorious Revolution’ in England,” “The ‘Glorious Revolution’ in America,” “Consequences of War and Growth: 1690-1715,” “Salem’s Wartime Witch Hunt,” “The Uneven Costs of War,” “Storm Clouds in the South,” “Conclusion”

PART TWO: A Century of Colonial Expansion to 1775

Oct. 5: African Enslavement: The Terrible Transformation

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 4 “The Descent into Race Slavery,” “The Caribbean Precedent,” “Ominous Beginnings,” “Alternative Sources of Labor,” “The Fateful Transition,” “The Growth of Slave Labor Camps,” “Black Involvement in Bacon’s Rebellion,” “The Rise of a Slaveholding Elite in the Chesapeake Tidewater”

Oct. 7: African Enslavement: The Terrible Transformation—Guest lecture by Fulbright Scholar Laura L. Garland

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 4 “England Enters the Atlantic Slave Trade,” “The Slave Trade on the African Coast,” “The Middle Passage Experience,” “Saltwater Slaves Arrive in America,” “Survival in a Strange New Land,” “African Rice Growers in South Carolina,” “Patterns of Resistance,” “A Wave of Rebellion,” “The Transformation Completed,” “Debating Racial Status in the South and the North,” “Is This Consistent with Christianity or Common Justice?,” “Oglethorpe’s Antislavery Experiment,” “INTERPRETING HISTORY: ‘Releese Us Out of This Cruell Bondegg’,” “The End of Equality in Georgia,” “Conclusion”

Oct. 10: An American Babel, 1713-1763

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 5 “New Cultures on the Western Plains,” “The Spread of the Horse,” “The Rise of the Comanche,” “The Expansion of the Sioux,” “Britain’s Mainland Colonies: A New Abundance of People,” “Population Growth on the Home Front,” “‘Packed Like Herrings’: Arrival from Abroad,” “Non-English Newcomers in the British Colonies,” “The Varied Economic Landscape,” “Sources of Gain in the Carolinas and Georgia,” “Chesapeake Bay’s Tobacco Economy,” “New England Takes to the Sea,” “Economic Expansion in the Middle Colonies”

Oct. 12: An American Babel, 1713-1763

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 5 “Matters of Faith: The Great Awakening,” “Seeds of Religious Toleration,” “The Onset of the Great Awakening: Pietism and George Whitefield,” “‘The Danger of an Unconverted Ministry’,” “The Consequences of the Great Awakening,” “INTERPRETING HISTORY: ‘The Creature Must Have Been the Size of a Small House’,” “The French Lose a North American Empire,” “Prospects and Problems Facing French Colonists,” “British Settlers Confront the Threat from France,” “An American Fight Becomes a Global Conflict,” “Quebec Taken and North America Refashioned,” “Conclusion”

Oct. 14: The Limits of Imperial Control, 1763-1775

Film: Independence/Revolution, Episodes 1 & 2, VHS (60 minutes)

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 6 “New Challenges to Spain’s Expanded Empire,” “Pacific Exploration, Hawaiian Contact,” “The Russians Lay Claim to Alaska,” “Spain Colonizes the California Coast,” “New Challenges to Britain’s Expanded Empire,” “Midwestern Lands and Pontiac’s War for Indian Independence,” “Grenville’s Effort at Reform,” “The Stamp Act Imposed,” “The Stamp Act Resisted”

Oct. 17: The Limits of Imperial Control, 1763-1775

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 6 “‘The Unconquerable Rage of the People’,” “Power Corrupts: An English Framework for Revolution,” “Americans Practice Vigilance and Restraint,” “Rural Unrest: Tenant Farmers and Regulators,” “INTERPRETING HISTORY: ‘Squez’d and Oppressed’: A 1768 Petition by 30 Regulators,” “A Conspiracy of Corrupt Ministers?,” “The Townshend Duties Prompt an American Boycott,” “The Boston Massacre,” “Creating Committees of Correspondence,” “Launching a Revolution,” “The Tempest Over Tea,” “The Intolerable Acts,” “From Words to Action,” “Conclusion”

PART THREE: The Unfinished Revolution, 1775-1803

Oct. 19: Revolutionaries at War, 1775-1783

Film: Liberty for All?/Wake Up, America, Episode 3, Part I, VHS (30 minutes)

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 7 “‘Things Are Now Come to That Crisis’,” “The Second Continental Congress Takes Control,” “‘Liberty to Slaves’,” “The Struggle to Control Boston,” “Declaring Independence,” “‘Time to Part’,” “The British Attack New York,” “‘Victory or Death’: A Desperate Gamble Pays Off,” “INTERPRETING HISTORY: ‘By What Means Do You Expect to Conquer America?’ Tom Paine, American Crisis II (Philadelphia, January 1777),” “The Struggle to Win French Support,” “Breakdown in British Planning,” “Saratoga Tips the Balance,” “Forging an Alliance with France”

Oct. 21: Revolutionaries at War, 1775-1783

Film: Liberty for All?/Wake Up, America, Episode 4, Part II, VHS (30 minutes)

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 7 “Legitimate States, a Respectable Military,” “The Articles of Confederation,” “Creating State Constitutions,” “Tensions in the Military Ranks,” “Shaping a Diverse Army,” “The War at Sea,” “The Long Road to Yorktown,” “Indian Warfare and Frontier Outposts,” “The Unpredictable War in the South,” “The Final Campaign,” “Winning the Peace,” “Conclusion”

Oct. 24: New Beginnings: The 1780s

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 8 “Beating Swords into Plowshares,” “Will the Army Seize Control?,” “INTERPRETING HISTORY: Demobilization: ‘Turned Adrift Like Old Worn-Out Horses’,” “The Society of the Cincinnati,” “Renaming the Landscape,” “An Independent Culture,” “Competing for Control of the Mississippi Valley,” “Disputed Territory: The Old Southwest,” “Southern Claims and Indian Resistance,” “‘We Are Now Masters’: The Old Northwest,” “The Northwest Ordinance of 1787”

Oct. 26: New Beginnings: The 1780s—Guest lecture by Fulbright Scholar Laura L. Garland

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 8 “Debtor and Creditor, Taxpayer and Bondholder,” “New Sources of Wealth,” “‘Tumults in New England’,” “Shays’ Rebellion: The Massachusetts Regulation,” “Drafting a New Constitution,” “Philadelphia: A Gathering of Like-Minded Men,” “Compromise and Consensus,” “Questions of Representation,” “Slavery: The Deepest Dilemma”

Oct. 28: New Beginnings: The 1780s

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 8 “Ratification and the Bill of Rights,” “The Campaign for Ratification,” “Dividing and Conquering the Anti-Federalists,” “Adding a Bill of Rights,” “Conclusion”

Oct. 31: Revolutionary Legacies, 1789-1803

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 9 “Competing Political Visions in the New Nation,” “Federalism and Democratic-Republicanism in Action,” “Planting the Seeds of Industry,” “Echoes of the American Revolution: The Whiskey Rebellion,” “Securing Peace Abroad, Suppressing Dissent at Home”

Nov. 2: Revolutionary Legacies, 1789-1803

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 9 “People of Color: New Freedoms, New Struggles,” “Blacks in the North,” “Manumissions in the South,” “Continuity and Change in the West,” “Indian Wars in the Great Lakes Region,” “Patterns of Indian Acculturation,” “Land Speculation and Slavery,” “Shifting Social Identities in the Post-Revolutionary Era,” “Artisan-Politicians and Menial Laborers”

Nov. 4: Revolutionary Legacies, 1789-1803

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 9 “INTERPRETING HISTORY: A Farmer Worries About the Power of ‘The Few’,” “‘Republican Mothers’ and Other Well-Off Women,” “A Loss of Political Influence: The Fate of Non-Elite Women,” “The Election of 1800: Revolution or Reversal?,” “The Enigmatic Thomas Jefferson,” “Protecting and Expanding the National Interest,” “Conclusion”

PART FOUR: Expanding the Boundaries of Freedom and Slavery, 1804-1848

Nov. 7: Defending and Expanding the New Nation, 1804-1818

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 10 “British Aggression on Land and the High Seas,” “The Embargo of 1807,” “On the Brink of War,” “The War of 1812,” “Pushing North,” “Fighting on Many Fronts,” “An Uncertain Victory,” “The ‘Era of Good Feelings’?,” “Praise and Respect for Veterans After the War”

Nov. 9: Defending and Expanding the New Nation, 1804-1818

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 10 “INTERPRETING HISTORY: Cherokee Women Petition Against Further Land Sales to Whites in 1817,” “A Thriving Economy,” “Transformations in the Workplace,” “The Market Revolution,” “The Rise of the Cotton Plantation Economy,” “Regional Economies of the South,” “Black Family Life and Labor,” “Resistance to Slavery,” “Conclusion”

Nov. 11: Midterm Exam

Nov. 14-18: Mid-Semester break holiday—[no classes]

Nov. 16: Arafah holiday—[no classes]

Nov. 17-19: Eid Al-Adha holidays 1429—[no classes]

Nov. 21: Society and Politics in the ‘Age of the Common Man,’ 1819-1832

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 11 “The Politics Behind Western Expansion,” “The Missouri Compromise,” “Ways West,” “The Panic of 1819 and the Plight of Western Debtors,” “The Monroe Doctrine,” “Andrew Jackson’s Rise to Power”

Nov. 23: Society and Politics in the ‘Age of the Common Man,’ 1819-1832

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 11 “Federal Authority and Its Opponents,” “Judicial Federalism and the Limits of Law,” “The ‘Tariff of Abominations’,” “The ‘Monster Bank’,” “Americans in the ‘Age of the Common Man’,” “Wards, Workers, and Warriors: Native Americans,” “Slaves and Free People of Color”

Nov. 25: Society and Politics in the ‘Age of the Common Man,’ 1819-1832

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 11 “INTERPRETING HISTORY: Eulalia Pérez Describes Her Work in a California Mission, 1823” “Legal and Economic Dependence: The Status of Women,” “Ties That Bound A Growing Population,” “New Visions of Religious Faith,” “Literate and Literary America,” “Conclusion”

Nov. 28: Peoples in Motion, 1832-1848

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 12 “Mass Migrations,” “Newcomers from Western Europe,” “The Slave Trade,” “Trails of Tears,” “Migrants in the West,” “New Places, New Identities,” “A Multitude of Voices in the National Political Arena”

Nov. 30: Peoples in Motion, 1832-1848

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 12 “Whigs, Workers, and the Panic of 1837,” “Suppression of Antislavery Sentiment,” “Nativists as a Political Force,” “Reform Impulses,” “Public Education,” “Alternative Visions of Social Life,” “Networks of Reformers”

Dec. 2: Peoples in Motion, 1832-1848

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 12 “The United States Extends Its Reach,” “The Lone Star Republic,” “The Election of 1844,” “INTERPRETING HISTORY: Senator John C. Calhoun Warns Against Incorporating Mexico into the United States,” “War with Mexico,” “Conclusion”

PART FIVE: Disunion and Reunion

Dec. 5: The Crisis Over Slavery, 1848-1860

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 13 “Regional Economies and Conflicts,” “Native American Economies Transformed,” “Land Conflicts in the Southwest,” “Ethnic and Economic Diversity in the Midwest,” “Regional Economies of the South,” “A Free Labor Ideology in the North,” “Individualism Versus Group Identity,” “Putting into Practice Ideas of Social Inferiority”

Dec. 7: Al-Hijra new year holiday, 1432—[no classes]

Dec. 9: The Crisis Over Slavery, 1848-1860

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 13 “INTERPRETING HISTORY: Professor George Howe on the Subordination of Women,” “‘A Teeming Nation’—America in Literature,” “Challenges to Individualism,” “The Paradox of Southern Political Power,” “The Party System in Disarray,” “The Compromise of 1850,” “Expansion and Political Upheaval”

Dec. 12: The Crisis Over Slavery, 1848-1860

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 13 “The Republican Alliance,” “The Deepening Conflict Over Slavery,” “The Rising Tide of Violence,” “The Dred Scott Decision,” “The Lincoln-Douglas Debates,” “Harpers Ferry and the Presidential Election of 1860,” “Conclusion”

Dec. 14: ‘To Fight to Gain a Country’: The Civil War [Last Day for In-Class Presentations]

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 14 “Mobilization for War, 1861-1862,” “The Secession Impulse,” “INTERPRETING HISTORY: A Virginia Slaveholder Objects to the Impressment of Slaves,” “Preparing to Fight,” “Barriers to Southern Mobilization,” “Indians and Immigrants in the Service of the Confederacy”

Dec. 16-17: National Day of Bahrain holidays—[no classes]

Dec. 16-17: Ashura Holiday

Dec. 19: ‘To Fight to Gain a Country’: The Civil War

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 14 “The Course of War, 1862-1864,” “The Republicans’ War,” “The Ravages of War,” “The Emancipation Proclamation,” “Persistent Obstacles to the Confederacy’s Grand Strategy,” “The Other War: African-American Struggles for Liberation,” “Enemies Within the Confederacy,” “The Ongoing Fight Against Prejudice in the North and South,” “Battle Fronts and Home Fronts in 1863,” “Disaffection in the Confederacy”

Dec. 21: ‘To Fight to Gain a Country’: The Civil War

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 14 “The Tide Turns Against the South,” “Civil Unrest in the North,” “The Desperate South,” “The Prolonged Defeat of the Confederacy, 1864-1865,” “‘Hard War’ Toward African Americans and Indians,” “‘Father Abraham’,” “The Last Days of the Confederacy,” “Conclusion”

Dec. 22: Last day for submitting enforced withdrawal forms

Dec. 23: Consolidating a Triumphant Union, 1865-1877 [Research Papers Due]

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 15 “The Struggle Over the South,” “Wartime Preludes to Postwar Policies,” “Presidential Reconstruction, 1865-1867”

Dec. 26: Consolidating a Triumphant Union, 1865-1877

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 15 “INTERPRETING HISTORY: A Georgia Planter Appeals to a Freedman’s Bureau Officer,” “The Postbellum South’s Labor Problem,” “Building Free Communities”

Dec. 28: Consolidating a Triumphant Union, 1865-1877—Guest lecture by Fulbright Scholar Laura L. Garland

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 15 “Congressional Reconstruction: The Radicals’ Plan,” “Claiming Territory for the Union,” “Federal Military Campaigns Against Western Indians,” “The Postwar Western Labor Problem”

Dec. 30: Consolidating a Triumphant Union, 1865-1877

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 15 “Land Use in an Expanding Nation,” “Buying Territory for the Union,” “The Republican Vision and Its Limits”

Jan. 1, 2011: New Year’s holiday—[no classes]

Jan. 2, 2011: Consolidating a Triumphant Union, 1865-1877

Readings: Jones, et al., Ch. 15 “Postbellum Origins of the Women’s Suffrage Movement,” “Workers’ Organizations,” “Political Corruption and the Decline of Republican Idealism,” “Conclusion”

Jan. 4, 2011: Last day of classes; Review

Jan. 15, 2011: Final Exam 11:30-13:30

Jan. 22, 2011: Last day for submitting first semester’s grades to the Registration Department

Jan. 23-Feb. 19, 2011: Inter-semester Break [Holidays]